The WAND Protocol

An Open-Source Software Suite for Inducing and Measuring Cognitive Fatigue

The scientific study of cognitive fatigue is limited by methodological imprecision, with paradigms often unable to distinguish genuine fatigue from confounds like boredom and task-learning. This leads to contradictory findings and makes it near-impossible to test potential interventions.

To overcome these issues, I developed the WAND model, an open-source, modular software suite designed to induce cognitive fatigue with high precision.

WAND Protocol icon

Video Demonstration Coming Soon

Adaptive Difficulty

Dynamically adjusts task difficulty based on real-time performance to keep each participant in their "optimal challenge zone," ensuring sustained cognitive engagement without causing frustration or disengagement.

Performance Plateauing

Includes a preliminary calibration phase that mitigates task-learning effects by ensuring participants reach a stable performance baseline before the main fatigue induction begins.

Task Variability

Rotates between three complementary non-verbal N-back tasks (Sequential, Spatial, and Dual) to sustain high-effort engagement and counteract the onset of monotony-induced passive fatigue.

Precision Measurement

Integrates embedded "mini-distractors" to probe inhibitory control under load and employs robust signal detection metrics (d' and A') to provide a pure measure of cognitive decline, independent of response bias.

How to Cite

If you use the WAND software in your research, please cite the following publication:

Mangan, B. E. (2025). WAND (Working-memory Active-fatigue with N-back Difficulty): A Modular Software Suite for Cognitive Fatigue Research (Version 1.0.2) [Software]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15389892