The WAND Protocol

An Open-Source Software Suite for Inducing and Measuring Cognitive Fatigue

The scientific study of cognitive fatigue is limited by methodological imprecision, with paradigms often unable to distinguish genuine fatigue from confounds like boredom and task learning. This leads to contradictory findings and makes it near impossible to test potential interventions.

To overcome these issues, I developed the WAND model, an open source, modular software suite designed to induce cognitive fatigue with high precision.

WAND Protocol icon

Video Demonstration Coming Soon

Adaptive Difficulty

Dynamically adjusts task difficulty based on real time performance to keep each participant in the optimal challenge zone, ensuring sustained cognitive engagement without frustration or disengagement.

Performance Plateauing

Includes a preliminary calibration phase that mitigates task learning effects by ensuring participants reach a stable performance baseline before the main fatigue induction begins.

Task Variability

Rotates between three complementary non verbal N back tasks, Sequential, Spatial, and Dual, to sustain high effort engagement and counteract monotony induced passive fatigue.

Precision Measurement

Integrates embedded mini distractors to probe inhibitory control under load and uses robust signal detection metrics, d′ and A′, to provide a pure measure of cognitive decline independent of response bias.

How to Cite

If you use the WAND software in your research, please cite the following publication:

Mangan, B. E. (2025). WAND (Working-memory Active-fatigue with N-back Difficulty): A Modular Software Suite for Cognitive Fatigue Research (Version 1.0.2) [Software]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15389892